EXPLANATIONS TO THE TABLES OF DEBRECEN PHOTOHELIOGRAPHIC DATA SUNSPOT CATALOGUE The tables contain three kinds of rows; they are explained separately. Rows beginning with character "d" (day): Column Character Fmt Description 1 1 A1 Data code: d 2 A1 Blank 2 3-6 I4 Year 7 A1 Blank 3 8-9 I2 Month 10 A1 Blank 4 11-12 I2 Day of month 13 A1 Blank 5 14-15 I2 Hour UT 16 A1 Blank 6 17-18 I2 Minute UT 19 A1 Blank 7 20-21 I2 Second UT 22 A1 Blank 8 23-26 A4 Origin of the observation: ABAS: Abastumani (Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory, Georgia) BOUL: Boulder (Boulder Observatory, USA) CATA: Catania (INAF-Catania Astrophysical Observatory, Italy) DEBR: Debrecen (Heliophysical Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary) EBRO: Ebro (Ebro Observatory, Spain) GYUL: Gyula (Gyula Observing Station of the Heliophysical Observatory, Hungary) HELWS: Helwan (Helwan Observatory, Egypt) HERS: Herstmonceux (Royal Greenwich Observatory, Herstmonceux, UK) HOLL: Holloman (USAF network, USA) KANZ: Kanzelhoehe (Kanzelhoehe Solar Observatory, Austria) KIEV: Kiev (Kiev University Observatory, Ukraine) KISL: Kislovodsk (Kislovodsk Solar Observing Station of Pulkovo Observatory, Russia) KODA: Kodaikanal (Kodaikanal Solar Observatory, India) MITA: Mitaka/Tokyo (National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Japan) MLSO: Mauna Loa (PSPT, Mauna Loa Solar Observatory, USA). MWSIL: Mount WSilson (Mount WSilson Observatory, USA). RAME: Ramey (USAF network, USA) ROME: Rome (INAF-OAR Astronomical Observatory of Rome, Italy) SFER: San Fernando (San Fernando Observatory, USA) SHMI: SDO/HMI (Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, NASA) SOHO: SOHO/MDI (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory is a mission of international cooperation between ESA and NASA) SVTO: San Vito (USAF network, Italy) TASH: Tashkent (Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan ) UCCL: Uccle (USET data/image, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Belgium) USSU: Ussuriysk (Ussuriysk Astrophysical Observatory, Russia) 27-35 A9 Blank 9 36-40 I5 Daily sum of projected U umbra area in millionths of the solar disc The U area is measured in those cases when the software identifies one or more darker parts within a less dark part framed by the photosphere-spot border. The measurement is exclusively based on the intensity information of the processed white-light image, which does not allow to investigate whether the darker part is an umbra and the less dark part is a penumbra physically. 41 A1 Blank 10 42-46 I5 Daily sum of projected WS whole spot area in millionths of the solar disc Each solar feature is classified as a "spot" which is darker than the photosphere. The WS area means "whole spot" area. The WS area is the total area occupied by features darker than the photosphere, including umbrae, penumbrae, and pores. This method of determination of umbra and whole spot area results in similar umbra and whole spot area published by GPR to ensure the homogeneity. 47 A1 Blank 11 48-52 I5 Daily sum of corrected U umbra area in millionths of the solar hemisphere 53 A1 Blank 12 54-58 I5 Daily sum of corrected WS whole spot area in millionths of the solar hemisphere If every area data is 0, this means observation with no spots. 59 A1 Blank 13 60-72 F13.5 Julian Date (by convention .50000 represents 0000 UT) 73 A1 Blank 14 74-79 F6.2 P (position angle of the northern extremity of the axis of rotation, measured eastwards from the north point of the disk) at the time of the ground-based observation, or position angle of the solar north pole in the SOHO/MDI image, or 0.00 if there are no spots in the SOHO/MDI image. 80-81 A2 Blank 15 82-86 F5.2 B0 (heliographic latitude of the central point of the disk on the observation, or 0.00 if there are no spots in the SOHO/MDI image) Rows beginning with character "g" (group) Column Character Fmt Description 1 1 A1 Data code: g 2 A1 Blank 2 3-6 I4 Year 7 A1 Blank 3 8-9 I2 Month 10 A1 Blank 4 11-12 I2 Day of month 13 A1 Blank 5 14-15 I2 Hour UT 16 A1 Blank 6 17-18 I2 Minute UT 19 A1 Blank 7 20-21 I2 Second UT 22 A1 Blank 8 23-28 A6 NOAA sunspot group number if it exists and it has not been revised. If no NOAA number was assigned for the group, a NOAA number was given with an additional letter (e.g. "m", "n", etc.). Please notice that the intention to separate the nearby sunspot groups in the best way possible sometimes causes deviations from the original NOAA numbering. 29-35 A7 Blank 9 36-40 I5 Total projected U umbra area of the group in millionths of the solar disc 41 A1 Blank 10 42-46 I5 Total projected WS whole spot area area of the group in millionths of the solar disc. 47 A1 Blank 11 48-52 I5 Total corrected U umbra area of the group in millionths of the solar hemisphere 53 A1 Blank 12 54-58 I5 Total corrected WS whole spot area of the group in millionths of the solar hemisphere 59 A1 Blank The following entries refer to the position of the given sunspot group, which is the mean position of its spots weighted by the corrected whole spot area of the single spots. If the projected whole spot area is 0 and the corrected area is 0, the weight is 0.2. If the projected whole spot area is 1 and the corrected area is 0, the weight is 0.4. In the case of several umbrae within the same penumbra the mean weighted umbra position was calculated within their common penumbra prior to the calculation of group mean position. If the projected U area is 0 and the corrected area is 0 of an umbra within the common penumbra, the weight is 0.2. If the projected U area is 1 and the corrected area is 0 of an umbra within the common penumbra, the weight is 0.4. 13 60-65 F6.2 Heliographic latitude B; positive: North, negative: South 66 A1 Blank 14 67-72 F6.2 Heliographic longitude L 73 A1 Blank 15 74-79 F6.2 Longitudinal distance from the Sun's central meridian (LCM) 80 A1 Blank 16 81-86 F6.2 Position angle 87 A1 Blank 17 88-93 F6.4 Distance from the centre of Sun's disc measured in units of the solar radius If all the total areas are equal to zero and all the position data are equal to 999999, it means an intermittent phase of the group. Rows beginning with character "s" (spot) Column Character Fmt Description 1 1 A1 Data code: s 2 A1 Blank 2 3-6 I4 Year 7 A1 Blank 3 8-9 I2 Month 10 A1 Blank 4 11-12 I2 Day of month 13 A1 Blank 5 14-15 I2 Hour UT 16 A1 Blank 6 17-18 I2 Minute UT 19 A1 Blank 7 20-21 I2 Second UT 22 A1 Blank 8 23-28 A7 NOAA sunspot group number 29 A1 Blank 9 30-34 I3 No. of spot within the group 35 A1 Blank 10 36-40 I5 Projected U umbra area in millionths of the solar disc, negative values indicate that the umbra consists of fragmented regions which cannot be separated without losing umbra area. In this way several spots (intensity minima in the umbra) have a common umbra, e.g. -2 means that the given spot shares an umbra with spot No.2, and the common U value is indicated at spot No.2. 41 A1 Blank 11 42-46 I5 Projected WS whole spot area in millionths of the solar disc, negative values indicate that several umbrae have a common penumbra, e.g. -7 means that the given umbra shares a penumbra with umbra No.7, and the WS value is indicated at No.7. 47 A1 Blank 12 48-52 I5 Corrected U umbra area in millionths of the solar hemisphere, for negative values see Column 24-28. 53 A1 Blank 13 54-58 I5 Corrected WS whole spot area in millionths of the solar hemisphere, for negative values see Column 29-33. 59 A1 Blank 14 60-65 F6.2 Heliographic latitude B; positive: North, negative: South 66 A1 Blank 15 67-72 F6.2 Heliographic longitude L 73 A1 Blank 16 74-79 F6.2 Longitudinal distance from the Sun's central meridian (LCM) 80 A1 Blank 17 81-86 F6.2 Position angle 87 A1 Blank 18 88-93 F6.4 Distance from the centre of Sun's disc measured in units of the solar radius The position data of a spot refer to the position of the centroid of the umbra if an umbra is identified within a spot. (If there are several umbrae in a common penumbra, each umbra has a separate "s" row with its position data. In this case, the area-weighted positions of the whole spot can be calculated from the position data of these umbrae by weighting with the umbral area.) Otherwise, the position of the centroid of the whole spot is measured.